Middle Eastern States

Iraq has 3 main religions within that causes problems. The three religion sects are Sunnis, Kurdish, and Shiite. After World War 1 Iraq's country boundaries were determined. They tried to make the three very different religion sects live together in peace but each religion sect wanted power. The British were trying to make a secular government but that didn't work because each religion sect still wanted religion in the government, but they disagreed on whose religion. A dictator ruled Iraq because he had total control so no one had a say in government and therefore couldnt argue for their religion. He made every Iraqi follow the same religion so that angered all the sects that their religion was not being recognised. A solution could be that Iraq is separated into 3 different parts, one for each religion sect. The Kurdish religion sect could have northern Iraq because most of them live in and around Mosul, the Sunni religion sect could have middle Iraw because most of them live in and around baghdad, and the Shiite religion sect culd have southern Iraq because most of them live in and around Bosra. This way the religions don't have to fight for power but rather they can each rule the way they want to be ruled.

Czarist Russia

In Russia, nobility made up 1 percent of the population. They controlled much of the land and wealth in Russia which gave them power. For example, since they all Russian citizens owed service to the government, they served as military officers or government officials instead of lower positions. For these services the nobility were payed land, money, and serfs. In 1861 they no longer recieved serfs because that was outlawed. Although nobility had local power, they held no politcal power. All the political power belonged to the tsar because Russia was an autocracy. The average noble family owned 1500 acres of land and 200 serfs which were essentially slaves. Since nobles had so much land and serfs wealth was easily acquired. However since the serfs were freed in 1861 many nobles were forced to sell land to the former serfs. With less land and having to pay for peasants to farm on it some nobles fell into deep debt. Those who didn't switched to more modern farming techniques or investing in Russian industries. In the nobles free time they enjoyed billiards, cards, musical instruments, tennis, hunting, fencing, gambling, and sleigh rides. They often sent their children to schools in which it was taught in French or German but not Russia. Nobles also had the great honor of attending the great ball. The only reason nobles would support a revolution would be too gain political power. A revolution however could also be not supported by nobles because they had great wealth and social standings. If there was a revolution to occur nationalism would have to be strong. Also realpoltik would play a role in the revolution. The nobles would be against the Bolshevik because they would not want a change in power because they were happy with their political and social standings. Also they would not want to have to make reparations to the lower classes.

Imperialism

Imperialism is the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies. In the scramble for Africa, Britian tried to conquer to Boers. This resulted in the boer war. In the end of the war Britian ended up winning. The zulu nation was very effected by this act of imperialism. The british people acted in social darwinism. They thought they were better than the Zulu people and therefore acted upon the white man's duty. The british people made the Zulu people adapt their government, religion, and way of life. Many Europeans after conquering a sphere of influenc ewould meet in church and teach the native people about their religions trying to convince the people to adapt it. A exploratory motive is Germany explored Africa and after seeing that it had many raw materials decided tto take over some countries which was political.

Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution, term usually applied to the social and economic changes that mark the transition from a stable agricultural and commercial society to a modern industrial society relying on complex machinery rather than tools.

The industrial revolution started in Great Britain due to many factors. Great Britians contained many of the factors of production needed. IT was surrounded by water so it had a way of transportation. Also it had many natural resources such as coal and iron. The country was heavily populated so they had a surplus of people to work in factories.

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Latin American Revolution- Toussaint L' Ouverture

Toussaint L' Ouverture led the revolution of Haitin. He was also known as Louverture. Freedom was won from the French. Toussaint was born into slavery and his master released him when he was 33 and had married Suzzane. He was a catholic. He later joined the Spanish army of Santo Domingo to try to find a way to end slavery. Louverture was able to organize 4000 blacks and some white mulletos and in 1794 the French convention finally formally abolished slavery. He fought against both the English and the Spanish. Louverture controlled 2 provinces which drove Andre Rigaud into the southwest. By June 1795, the British were droven back to the coast In May of 1797 Louverture was named commander-in-cheif of the French republican army in Saint Domingue. The British completely left Saint Domingue in October of 1798. By 1790 news of the French Revolution had a lasting impact on the island. When French men landed at the port the had announced that all men were free and equal and when the white people die not honor this slaves revolted in the North. This independance movement all happed between the years of 1790 and 1798.

Napoleon

Summary - Napoleon Bonaparte was a powerful force in Europe from 1799 to 1815. He rose from the ranks of the French army to become the emperor of France. By 1812 he had control of most of Europe. Unfortunately, he met his demise when he attempted to invade Russia. His downfall was almost as swift as his rise to power.

Napoleon was power hungry and only cared about his only success, not France's. He had great military tactics that helped him win control over many countries. Napoleon had a negative effect on Europe because he took over many countries by brutal force. Also thousands of his own troops died on his mission to have control over Russia. A positive effect on Europe was the Napoleonic code.